Colonialism involved much more than military and administrative dominance. Again and again, in different geographical regions and across different eras, various conquering powers used violence directed against indigenous religions and the imposition of Christianity as a strategy to cement their rule. Using the assumptions and confusion inherent in the shared label “Indian” as a starting point, UA Religious Studies scholars Andrea McComb Sanchez and Caleb Simmons explore how resistance to colonization occurred beyond the battlefield. Though not as visible, these covert and subtle fights to maintain indigenous traditions, grounded in religious beliefs and practices, often became more successful.